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Aims
Treatment of methamphetamine dependence requires monitoring of recent use or abstinence. Self‐report is commonly used for routine monitoring, but the accuracy of self‐report is not established. For the treating clinician, the key accuracy statistic is the negative predictive value (NPV). The study aim was to estimate the NPV of self‐reported non‐use of methamphetamine compared with an oral fluid...
Aims
The study's aim is to identify and classify the most important alcohol control policies in the Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) and Poland between 2000 and 2020.
Methods
Policy analysis of Baltic countries and Poland, predicting potential policy impact on alcohol consumption, all‐cause mortality and alcohol‐attributable hospitalizations was discussed.
Results
All Baltic countries...
Background and Aims
Smoking fewer cigarettes per day may increase the chances of stopping smoking. Capping the number of cigarettes per pack is a promising policy option, but the causal impact of such a change is unknown. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that lowering cigarette pack sizes from 25 to 20 reduces the number of cigarettes smoked.
Design
This randomized controlled cross‐over...
Background and Aims
The Transformative Research on the Alcohol industry, Policy and Science (TRAPS) programme investigates the alcohol industry, with an innovative focus on public health sciences. TRAPS adds to an under‐developed literature on the study of alcohol industry influence on alcohol science and policymaking. This paper provides a synthesis of TRAPS findings to inform future research.
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Aims
This study aims to compare biomarkers of potential harm between people switching from smoking combustible cigarettes (CC) completely to electronic cigarettes (EC), continuing to smoke CC, using both EC and CC (dual users) and using neither (abstainers), based on behaviour during EC intervention studies.
Design
Secondary analysis following systematic review, incorporating inverse variance random‐effects...
Background and aims
Tobacco and nicotine marketplaces have diversified over the past decade, including with the introduction of heated tobacco products (HTPs), such as the brand IQOS. HTPs typically heat tobacco to generate an aerosol that is inhaled. HTP nomenclature is lacking, and how HTP users define and identify themselves remains understudied. Research in this area is important because language...
Background and aim
People who inject drugs are at high risk of contracting hepatitis C (HCV). The introduction of direct acting antiviral (DAA) drugs to treat HCV has the potential to transform care; however, uptake of DAAs has been slower than anticipated. The strong link between HCV and injecting drug use frames HCV as a shameful, stigmatising disease, reinforcing an ‘addict’ identity. Linking...
Aims
The aim of this study is to examine age, period and birth cohort trends in the prevalence of any alcohol‐related risky behaviour and to compare these trends between men and women.
Design and setting
We used an age–period–cohort analysis of repeated cross‐sectional survey data from the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey from 2001 to 2016.
Participants
Participants were 121...
Aim
To synthesize international findings on the alcohol–dementia relationship, including representation from low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Methods
Individual participant data meta‐analysis of 15 prospective epidemiological cohort studies from countries situated in six continents. Cox regression investigated the dementia risk associated with alcohol use in older adults aged over 60 years. Additional...
Aims
Most extant evidence has addressed between‐person differences, short‐term or cross‐sectional associations of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use with other substance use, the majority focusing on current rather than escalated use. The present study aimed to examine within‐person changes in escalated ENDS use and their associations with individual and combined substance use over a...
Background and aims
The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) seeks to realize the right to health through national tobacco control policies. However, few states have met their obligations under Article 14 of the FCTC to develop evidence‐based policies to support tobacco cessation. This article examines how human rights obligations could provide a legal and...
Background and Aims
Recovery management checkups (RMC) have established efficacy for linking patients to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. This study tested whether using RMC in combination with screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT), versus SBIRT alone, can improve linkage of primary care patients referred to SUD treatment.
Design
A randomized controlled trial of...
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